Report on the Work Set 1
(Search, Discussion and Conclusion)
Directed by Students of the Master Program
in C&I and MEF: Promotion1
Mr. Worawit CHAOKIJKHA 5614653350
Ms. Sasiya SUTASUWAN 5614653368
Ms. Sasiya SUTASUWAN 5614653368
Ms. Sirinthip CHEVAKITJAROEN 5614653376
Mr. Apiwat SORNSUKONG 5614653384
Ms. Akaraya PUENGCHAROEN 5614653392
Ms. Akaraya PUENGCHAROEN 5614653392
Presented to
Dr. Nopphawan CHIMROYLARP
This report is part of the course project 01162531
"ICT in Education and Curriculum Development"
TOPIC1: Web–Based Instruction/Learning (WBT – WBL)
Q1: What are their meanings, how are they different from CAI – CAL
(Computer Assisted Instruction/Learning)?
The Meaning of WBI and WBL
WBL or Web-Based Learning is some kind of online learning. It’s a channel that allows learners to use video conferences online course contents and real-time video conference teaching (or video streaming). Furthermore, to get more knowledge further from the web. This WBL provides many hyperlink (links to another sites) to help student search more information. The one of specific function coming with WBL is VLC (virtual Learning Environment) or sometimes it is called MLE (Managed Learning Environment) that contains VIRTUAL (seem like "face-to-face") teaching and learning software package.
The differences between WBI-WBL and CAI-CAL are
1. CAI –CAL are OFFLINE but WBI-WBL are ONLINE:
In the time that “World Wide Web” CAI-Computer-Assisted Instruction and CAL Computer-Assisted Learning are the earliest offline learning using ICT.
As mentioned above that WBI-WBL use “WWW” as the main channel of learning and instruction, Internet accessibility is used with WBI-WBL.
When using CAI, learners use their own computer without connecting to internet. It’s not allowed them to communicate with others. So the interactive applications are not used with CAI. But when learners connect to the internet; “World Wide Web”, there is a big opportunities to exchange knowledge to each other. So, many interactive applications take part in WBI-WBL.
Q2: What are the benefits of WBI – WBL?
1.The benefits of WBL are very useful for Distance Learning (as we are doing). We can learn individually through this WBL anywhere anytime.
2.This WBL promotes "Child-Centered - learning". By this channel, students have to study themselves to complete the assignments from teacher. And teachers will overview how students work on assignments as Facilitator and consult.
3.Supposing children in areas that are difficult to access the qualified education system, these students could be able to learning through WBL because of Virtual learning Environment function.
4.In commercial way, as you see one good example using WBL integrated with face-to face convention program teaching, Kru P'Nan (ON-line English teacher) uses this WBL to lively teach for her student sitting in 30 branches of her English institutes.
5.Students can receive quick feedback on their performances.
6.It's a convenient way for student to submit the assessment from the remote site.
7.In case of multiple choices, Computer marking is efficient for staff time.
8. A Web-Based Curriculum is Nonlinear, it means students can get more
8. A Web-Based Curriculum is Nonlinear, it means students can get more
information further from the sites they studying by Hypertext links.
So prospective students in 21st century will not only work on what course
asks them to do but they will go further to answer "How this course will be improved?"
Q3: How to design and develop the WBI – WBL?
There are two models of WBI design and development.
The first one is PLANNING --> DESIGNING --> MANAGING --> EVALUATING
For the PLANNING, we have to answer the question "What we want our students to do?" Note that the assigned task is NOT TOO difficult, so that student will be discouraged to achieve it, in other hand, it should NOT be TOO easy, and they will get bored of working with teacher's assignments. One of tasks will be PROJECT, the most effective work for student to let them develop the long-term memory. In short, the assignment (problem) should let student use their Prior Knowledge (what they have learnt) and let them discover new knowledge. After that, they will resolve the problem assigned. In this stage, they constructed unconsciously their own new knowledge that affects mentally to their long-term memory.
To DESIGNING the WBI, it's necessary to have the fundamental features as followings:
-> Course information, notice board, timetable
->Curriculum map
->Teaching materials such as slides, handouts, articles
->Communication via email and discussion boards
->Formative and assumptive assessments ***
->Student management tools (records, statistics, student tracking)
->Links to useful internal and external websites—for example, library,
online databases, and journals
Formative assessment = Journal / Question get some feedback like "what you have learnt today?"
Assumptive assessment = Question or evaluation to know "what level are our student?"
For Managing stage, teacher should be proficient in the areas of class management and organization as the following modules:
1. Establishing the positive climate:
-promote and maintain high expectations
-know your student (their prior knowledge and how far they can go)
-Engage all students in learning process
2. Organizing the WBL site:
-Make sure that all feature and function are READY to use.
-Create the bulletin board to foster learning
3. Developing Rules, Routine and Procedures:
-Create, communicate and practice the rules with students.
-Develop routine and step-by-step procedures for the tasks that occur regularly
-Set up a system for a specific reasonable and logical consequences and reward
4. Assigning and Managing work (very important)
-Make sure if student understand what they are supposed to do.
-Monitor students' completion of assignments
-Provide timely feedback on assignment
-In case of unqualified works, ask student to make-up / rework.
In EVALUATING, the assessment features of WBI site should involve teacher to the following activities:
-Record both formative and assumptive progress of students’ growth.
-Record Grades and Daily attendance
-Open chance for students in monitoring their own progress.
The second model is: ADDIE (suggested 2013)
A = Analysis
D = Design
D = Develop
I = Implementation
E = Evaluation
This is a very Interesting MODEL.
A = Analysis there is 6 areas we have to analyze:
1. Curriculum analyze:
what are the learning objectives? (Cognitive, Affect, Psycho-motor)
What are Enabling or Behavioral objectives?
2. Audience/ learner analysis: what are levels of your students?
3. Technology analysis: What program will you use to develop?
Which operation IOS/ Microsoft?
4. Content analysis: what are the essential contents to apply to WBI?
5. Learning activities analysis: WBI developer have to consider Learning
thoughts that fit to the appropriate contents as these followings
-Collaborative learning - Problem-based learning
-CIPPA model - Inquiry-based learning
- Media analysis
6. Media analysis: there are 2 main types of media used in developing WBI:
6.1 Media for presentation such as Text -Graphic - Flash animation - Streaming Video
6.2 Media for interaction activities
=> Asynchronous interaction medias used when users don't share free time : Web Board Mail
=>Synchronous interaction medias used when users share free time : Video conference - Chat
=> Online testing system
D= Design 2 areas that developer need to think about WBI design are:
Content designs : What are the content for this WBI ?
Which application will be used for each content ?
Web page design:
How we put each element in the page of website?
D= Development there are 3 steps for develop WBI:
1. Preparation: Prepare all stuffs you want to put in web
(content clip video sound applications)
2. Develop the lesson on webpage
in this process you have to put all stuffs into the frame of each lessons
3. Make the handout document to be students' guide to achieve this WBL course.
I= Implementation It's kind of Trial used with Example group by STAD***model in this process if developer found some errors or problems you have to fix them out before use with the Whole class.
*** STAD strategy (Salavin, 1990) = Student-teams Achievement Divisions
Steps= Class presentation--> Team study--> Test-->Individual Improvement --> Team recognition
(Work in group, individual scoring but Award by group)
E=Evaluation Evaluate in 2 areas:
1. How is the Web?
2. How are the contents and activities?
Q4: What conclusions can you make after exploring the site called
“Web-Based Instruction”?
For the conclusions, we can probably say that “Web-Based Instruction” (WBI) is a digital environment for education tools which provide teaching and learning system supported by the Internet. And we can divide WBI into two important aspects: an online curriculum and an online class management system (CMS). Also WBI is something very convenient for both teachers and students as it allows students to explore many interesting things onto no limited areas while teachers can update the instructional media onto the site at any time. However, only computers and digital environment are not enough for knowledge: teachers are the ones who provide the discipline and framework essential for learning and in order to be successful, students must have the desire and the ability to continue to learn too.
“So you want to develop WBI”?
This site is for the one who wants to develop their own WBI site, for those who want to improve their Web pages by using graphics, software, html, java script or even creating a great design. It helps educators to have the better understanding for each function. For example, if we want to know about “Graphics & Imaging” we can directly click onto “Graphics” button and it leads us to the recommendations for the best web sites for graphics and digital imaging for the web, it also tells us about the rule of important things such as “less is more” ; less graphics is more effective. Moreover, we also have the WBI I.Q. Test which is the pretest to take and see if we really understand how WBI works and so on.
Topic 2: e-Learning/ m-Learning/ u-Learning
Finally, this way not emphasizes learner, it isn't interactive between teacher and student in courses; however it allow them to study anytime and anywhere.
For the evolution of e-Learning, e-Learning 2.0 that focuses on learner instead of content, was promoted. It is based on Web 2.0 that support for collaborative learning (Web 2.0 environment allows web site visitors to make contributions and changes to existing web content and to interact with other members of those web sites); everyone can not only learn but also organize the online courses. Learners participate in courses creation. They are able to share information, knowledge with other people who access the social media such as Wikipedia, Facebook and MySpace where users leave comment or edit content collectively (some good examples are blogs which we crated!) All people make a discussion and exchange of their view and review with others via online learning. As a consequence, learner is not limited in learning.
Q2: What conclusions can you make for U-Learning and m-Learning?
M-Learning or Mobile Learning is a new delivery method for e-Learning. It derived from e-Learning.
What is different between m-Learning and e-Learning?
Due to the definition of m-Learning focuses on using mobile technology devices such as smart phones, handheld computers, and PDAs. Mobile device bring an opportunities to approach to learning at all time and supports any place when student willing to learn themselves. Learning of m-Learning is informal while e- Learning is formal. On the other hand, both of them use technological devices and wireless networks to access to learn.
Regarding to U-learning, "U" = Ubiquitous meaning existing or being everywhere, at the same time; omnipresent.
U-learning is based on the idea of adaptive learning methodologies and the concept of individual method of teaching that assist students learn at a faster step, more effectively, and with greater understanding.
Furthermore, it gives great evolution in the delivery of education applications for u-learning support facilities for creating learning environments.
Q3: What did you get from exploring this site “Ubiquitous learning environment:” Disruptive and Transformative Education: Designing learning in the digital age”?
There are many advantages for exploring this site “Ubiquitous learning environment:” Disruptive and Transformative Education: Designing learning in the digital age”
For ubiquitous learning environment (ULE):
-Learner can get benefit from ubiquitous learning environment, using wireless and mobile technology make easy to access and contributes to educational method: learners are available to learn anywhere, anytime, anyhow education from unlimited in online education courses that allow them to easily access their learning materials and experiences via mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. It also provides numerous resources to knowledge such as wikis, blogs, and cloud services like Google Drive, and Drop box.
-Education as a Self-directed Learner, using technology in education consider as a new method of knowledge. Learner able to visualizes, and share information in online learning them-selves. It facilitates to develop skill from ubiquitous learning environment for example, technology: learner benefit in online learning and language: because of information’s international from every country.
Q4: What are the conclusions from “Predictions for e-Learning in 2011”?
Regarding learners, they will benefit from e-learning; it is facilities to study everywhere and every time when learners want. Student can reduce transport costs and also save time. In addition, users are able to use the new technology and chose application for themselves.
For technology, smart phone will fast develop new devices and grow for support to m-Learning. The application for learning will continue growing and have various applications in learning environment.
TOPIC 3: Online Learning – Blended Learning
Q1: What are the focusing points of Online Learning?
1. Internet accessibility
Learner or those who would like to learn online have to connect to Internet.
2. Interactive activities
The online learning activities include video, chat, video streaming and many supplementary medias that involve learners to have interactions to each another.
3. Games
Games are used in online learning to fit the different learners. So learners can choose the games to learn online according to their taste.
4. Accessibility of different devices
The more technologies developed the more choices of devices to use in education. So online learning allows learners to use not only computer but also other devices such as I-pad, or smart phones.
5. Adjust ability of different age of learners
Online learner focus on specific levels of learner. According to their ages, kids, teen, and adults, the learning platforms have to be different.
Q2: Do they have benefits and limitations? What are they?
1. According to thoughts of constructionist educator, Online Learning enables learners to construct their long-term storage after they inquired and discussed to find out or discover new things by themselves.
2. Online course can be used everywhere that internet is available. Learners don't need to worry about problem of place, time, or any kind of traffic jam.
3. Less expense (or not), surely learners can save more expenses about dormitory, transportation and parking lots, etc.
4. It's a global connection which means online learning connected to internet, the channel that all over the world people use. So it's easy way to exchange ideas and thoughts and work together cross country- culture-and language.
Disadvantages of online learning are
1. Load of works:
As online learning system has to follows the same standards of classroom instruction, maybe teacher has to assign load of works to let students by themselves to reach the standards.
2. Less active learning activities:
In some subjects that need Face-to-face interactions such as Phonetics and any kinds of Language laboratories, online learning can give the immediate feedback or reply to learner in case that they should develop their pronunciations or accents.
3. Get more knowledge than competencies:
Through online learning students get rare opportunities to develop competencies because more of online course based on content not on competencies.
Q3: What are the key elements of the online program?
There are important 4 key elements of online program: student, curriculum, instructor and technology.
1. Student
The online program was created for students who do not have time to learn in class. They can study and practice with the online program at home. Student can study the lessons by themselves. They can submit homework and ask the questions by email address but they need to be discipline toward their work. So they need to manage the time to study by themselves.
2. Curriculum
The online curriculum consists of 2 factors: process and outcomes. They can learn and work together in the same time. The functional programs in online curriculum should be developed to involve student and instructor to discuss assignments and learn together by internet.
3. The instructor
The instructor teaches and gives the lessons by internet for students 24hrs per/day in classroom. Students can ask the questions if they do not understand and the instructor can answer the questions by Email, creating up the education, and collaborating environment and dealing with the students who are adults and may require individual needs.
4. The technology
The instructor should be the first person use the technology. Students have to prepare the lessons before the class begins. Students can discuss with instructor in class. In concluding technical support is very important for online program because students and instructors should be able to participate together with the online course.
The blended learning is the learning and teaching model that allows teacher to teach students through many interactive media such as Web Based Instruction, Video conference, Skype or Facebook and in classroom.
Blended learning can combine various learning activities to involve face-to-face live classroom, E- learning and Self-spaced learning.
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